Loudspeakers Mono or Stereo?

I am one of the sound engineers at my high school stage crew, and have a question concerning speaker placement.

We have six mains mounted together in a mono block suspended above center stage, used in tri-amp configuration. At each side of the stage, on ground level, are monitor outputs.

We have enough speakers to use two on each side as left and right mains respectively, and still have two left over for stage monitors. What are the advantages and disadvantages of placing two speakers at each side of the stage as part of the FOH system?
 
We have enough speakers to use two on each side as left and right mains respectively, and still have two left over for stage monitors. What are the advantages and disadvantages of placing two speakers at each side of the stage as part of the FOH system?

How about you give us some information first. How big is your venue, what are you doing with it, what speakers/amps do you have, etc.

To give a rather vague and overly simplified answer to your question, anything dealing with speech is mono, and anything dealing with music is stereo.

Also, welcome to ControlBooth. =]
 
With two "stacks" (stereo), each seat in the house receives sound at two different times - from the closer speaker then from the farther one. This reduces intelligibility and can also affect frequency response (comb filtering). There will also be more room reflections, since each spot in the room receives sound from two speakers. (In theory of course).
 
Our venue is a wedge-shaped auditorium with seating for approximately 1,200. The amps are Crown Com-Tech "10" series.
One 410 for the Delay System in the ceiling near the middle of the aud, two 410s for the high range of the mono block, two 810s for the midrange, and two 810s for the low range. The amp that would be used to power the two stereo stacks is a Com-Tech 1610.
Unfortunately, I cannot see what the speakers in the mono block are, but the stereo speakers would be JBL Marquis Series MS112s.
We do varied work from simple presentations with just a pa mic, all the way to one or two musicals with all eight of our wireless mics and set mics and sound effects.
The main reason I wanted to use these would be to have a stereo effect for the musical, with actors that are on one side of the stage or another, and pan their mic with them.
Thanks for the help!

A picture can be found at: http://ruhsstagecrew.webs.com/pictures.htm
 
I like stereo for concerts where I can pan a keyboard off a little bit one ways and an accordion off the other, and especially if general use has lots of backing tracks or recorded playback that's likely in stereo, but never for a musical.

You gain very little utility from being able to have someone's mic broadcast to one side or the other as they walk across the stage, and you significantly increase how complex your mixing is and how many cues you have. While you may be ambitious enough to do that, most people will not. I suspect after you do that once or twice, you'll not even want to do it. A standard musical with 20 wireless mic's and a pit orchestra is bad enough as-is with a couple hundred cues -- add in each time someone crosses from one side of the stage to the other, or worse yet, multiple leads moving in different directions at the same time, and you've got a great way to screw up your showing by unnecessarily adding another 200 cues to it. Just getting through the tech rehearsal would take a week and you'd either have a very minuscule improvement in sound quality, or more likely, you'd have an awful sounding system.

Aside from that, vocals you typically want just the center cluster for intelligibility. If you're ever stuck in a venue without a center cluster, then you'd want them in both left and right. If you pan to the right when that person is on stage left, then the people on house left can't hear what it is they're saying and it'll be too loud for the people on house right. The company that designed our install very specifically told us that it was designed and optimized for vocals in the center cluster and music and instruments in the stereo portions of the system. (we have stereo fills/subs and a mono center cluster)

What it's nice to have is the ability to control is where sound effects come from on stage, which is where a stereo rig is handy, but it's better yet if you can just put speakers on stage where you want the audience to think the effect is coming from.
 
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Just went through a similar discussion on another forum. The primary purpose of a 'stereo' system is usually to create horizontal positioning and separation or to 'place' sources using aural cues based on the relative level, response and timing between the left and right signals at a listener. You are trying to create with the sound system the interaural differences between what is heard by the left and right ears that the brain uses in helping to establish the physical location of a source.

To get the same differences for all listeners requires that every seat in the house get the exact same signal from each array; the same level, response, arrival time and so on, or at least the same difference between the left and right signals relative to the signals themselves. Even when you try to account for the physical relationship of the listeners to the arrays, the patterns of the arrays, etc. it gets very difficult in most venues to provide the same experience for every seat. And when you don't consider these issues at all and simply put speakers located left and right then you usually get a system to can vary widely in what is experienced throughout the audience area.

Adding to this, the room will also affect what listeners hear. In most rooms not everything a listener hears comes directly from the speakers, there is usually also some sound coming indirectly off the walls, ceiling, etc. Again, how do you make the this component of what is heard the same for every listener?

The point of all this is that simply putting speakers left and right does not make a 'stereo' system for a venue. there is potentially a lot more that goes into trying to support stereo for a larger audience. The issue often becomes one of balancing the potential benefits and disadvantages of the resulting system. It is a generalization, but where intelligibility is critical and without proper design, simply sticking speaker left and right may not have the advantages, and have some disadvantages, that have not been considered.

On a detail, you may also want to reconsider the title 'sound engineer'. Not only does that tend to imply a sense of professionalism and experience that may not apply but the Arizona Revised Statutes also state that ""Engineer" means a person who, by reason of special knowledge of the mathematical and physical sciences and the principles and methods of engineering analysis and design acquired by professional education and practical experience, is qualified to practice engineering as attested by registration as a professional engineer." and that "A person or firm desiring to practice any board regulated profession or occupation shall first secure a certificate or registration and shall comply with all the conditions prescribed in this chapter." Looks like the state may restrict the use of the term "Engineer" to licensed professionals.
 
Thanks all for your wonderful advice!

I will keep the system mono, and after consideration, the pan effect thing would be too much of a nuisance anyway.

Thanks!
 

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