Well, one event I can recall was at University of North Texas in the Main
Auditorium (circa ~1999-2001?). The
auditorium had just been renovated a few years earlier and had proper functioning
smoke vents and
fire curtain. About 2:00 in the morning a fire broke-out on the
stage and the protective systems reacted and deployed as designed. It starved the fire of fresh air, vented the toxic
smoke, and prevented substantial
smoke and fire damage to the remainder of the building and audience chamber. The building is a multi-story office / classroom
layout that surround the central
auditorium on three sides, so if the fire had spread outside of the
stage house it would have consumed the whole building. Some equipment on
stage and the
stage floor had to be replaced, but the historical building was spared. The fire began at
stage level, not up in the fly space.
I think that saying we don't need fire
curtains because many of them are disfunctional is not logical. We need to be getting disfunctional fire
curtains rebuilt to be compliant with the
current NFPA 80
Standard for Fire Doors and Opening Protectives. Fire
Curtains, Fire Doors, Air Duct Shutters, and
Smoke Vents must work together as a
SYSTEM in order to be effective. Additionally, users need to start utilizing fire retardant treated materials (or non-combustible materials) to
build sets. The requirement has been in the Fire Codes for over 100 years now, and few seem to recognize it. I routinely see
TONS (
literally!) of non-treated cardboard, wood, combustible foam, fabric, and high VOC content paints on every
stage I visit. This is a disaster just waiting to happen.
Still not one where the
fire curtain has protected an occupant of the
auditorium. And all the fire protection engineers I've met dismiss the idea you can starve a structure fire of fresh air. And if you did, how could it vent? And what about the fires where the curtain didn't work and the vents did and there was also no damage or spread of
smoke, because the vents and sprinklers did the job? And what was the
role of the fire sprinklers at the University of North Texas? And what was the ignition? Was that the one with workers refinishing wood and spontaneous combustion? I get it confused with one at the University of Dayton.
I have suggested that for property protection, especially historic structures, a fire
safety curtain or other fire door (you can get rolling fire doors to almost any width and those are tested and engineered much more thoroughly than any fire
safety curtain ever has been) might be appropriate. But still no record of a
fire curtain protecting occupants. (Just a guess - but might be because of
stage hands. In these scenarios, where you really don't know what is going to happen, people react faster and better than machines. I've dealt with three fire incidents on stages. Love those mop buckets for putting out fires.)
I agree with you that based on what I see, it seems like disasters waiting to happen but, but since the common use of the
electric light
bulb, they don't seem to have. In fact, I wish like the 1850s to very early 1900s, when the average life of a
theatre before being destroyed by fire was 5 years, we did loose a few. More work for me and more opportunity to improve
theatre design. Of course the use of
pyro may make up for the lost of open arc and open flame illumination. And do you really think the combustibles on
stage are greater than a big box store, with its' stacks of paint, wood, foam,
etc., often more occupants, less communication, and just fire sprinklers? And survey high school and college stages during a "big show" as I have, and calculate the pounds of combustibles per square
foot. Its not very much.
We have many records of people being seriously injured when falling off a
stage, and virtually none form
stage fires over the last 100 years, but we persist in spending $50,000+ for a
fire curtain and practically nothing to protect people from falls off a
stage. Bad regulation that doesn't make sense. Not unlike the stages with working fire
curtains and people rolling around an aged A frame ladder.
What is on a
stage today is very different than 100+ years ago and yet regulations to a large degree are very little changed. While we should learn from the past, we should also design - and regulate - for today and tomorrow, not for yesterday.